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University of California Press

About the Book

Novelist, travel writer, and essayist Helen Hunt Jackson (1830–1885) was one of the most successful authors and most passionate intellects of her day. Ralph Waldo Emerson also regarded her as one of America’s greatest poets. Today Jackson is best remembered for Ramona, a romantic novel set in the rural Southern Californian Indian and Californio communities of her day. Ramona, continuously in print for over a century, has become a cultural icon, but Jackson’s prolific career left us with much more, notably her achievements as a prose writer and her work as an early activist on behalf of Native Americans. This long-overdue biography of Jackson’s remarkable life and times reintroduces a distinguished figure in American letters and restores Helen Hunt Jackson to her rightful place in history.

Discussing much new material, Kate Phillips makes extensive use of Jackson's unpublished private correspondence. She takes us from Jackson's early years in rural New England to her later pioneer days in Colorado and to her adventerous travels in Europe and Southern California. The book also gives the first in-depth discussions of Jackson's writing in every genre, her beliefs about race and religion, and the significance of her chronic illnesses. Phillips also discusses Jackson's intimate relationships—with her two husbands, her mentor Thomas Wentworth Higginson, the famed actress Charlotte Cushman, and the poet Emily Dickinson. Phillips concludes with a re-evaluation of Ramona, discussing the novel as the earliest example of the California dystopian tradition in its portrayal of a state on the road to self-destruction, a tradition carried further by writers like Nathanael West and Joan Didion.

In this gripping biography, Phillips offers fascinating glimpses of how social context both shaped and inspired Jackson's thinking, highlighting the inextricable presence of gender, race, and class in American literary history and culture and opening a new window onto the nineteenth century.

About the Author

Kate Phillips received a Ph.D. from Harvard University in the History of American Civilization and is an independent scholar and writer. She is the author of the acclaimed novel White Rabbit (1996, paperback 1997).

Table of Contents

List of Illustrations 
Prologue 
PART ONE
An Introduction to Jackson’s Life, Career, and Literary Reputation
1. Staying Power 
PART TWO
Their teaching in the heart of their child”: Earliest Influences
2. Lessons from Father and Mother 
3. Literary Education 
PART THREE
Very serious literary labor”: Doing Good and Making Good
4. Entering the Literary Marketplace 
5. Poetry and Domestic Essays 
PART FOUR
A Protest against the Spread of Civilization”:Jackson as Regionalist and Reformer
6. Travel Writing 
7. Short Stories and Early Novels 
8. Indian Reform Work, Late Travel Writing, and Ramona 
9. Last Words 
Acknowledgments 
Notes 
Bibliography 
Index 

Reviews

"A smart biography of a tireless lierary worker and intellectual...a singular woman who, despite or because of the benumbing early deaths of her parents, husband, and two small sons, strode full force into a remarkably independent, productive life."
— New York Times Book Review
"Helen Hunt Jackson has long been stored in Americas literary attic. . . . Kate Phillips seeks to unpack Jackson, take her downstairs to the library living room and let her bask in bright sunshine."
— Salt Lake Tribune
"Phillips has blended scholarship and clear writing to create an excellent biography."
— Emily Dickinson International Society Bulletin
"Phillips has produced what demands to be regarded as the definitive biography of Jackson."
— Los Angeles Times Book Review
In reading this biography one meets the comlete Helen Hunt Jackson for the first time. . . . Excellent.
— Southern California Qtly
Well-written.
— Magill's Literary Annual / Salem Press
With this definitive and eminently readable biography, Kate Phillips reminds us that despite over two decades of impressive achievement by feminist scholars, work remains to be done to resurrect the reputations of important but still-neglected American women writers. . . . Phillips crafts a fascinating personal story of Jackson's life and career while centering that account brilliantly within the larger narrative frames of social and literary history. That this definitive biography will inspire greater literary and historical attention to Jackson's achievement is without question.
— American Historical Review
"This beautifully crafted book is a landmark in literary and cultural studies. Kate Phillips brings together in this definitive life of Helen Hunt Jackson a variety of challenging issues-feminism, literary history, psychology, social history, biography, intellectual history, anthropology-and the result is a brilliant contribution to the entire field of American studies. Helen Hunt Jackson: A Literary Life will have a broad and lasting impact on our understanding of American culture."—Sacvan Bercovitch, Powell M. Cabot Research Professor of American Literature, Harvard University