Rich Democracies

Figures

1.1

Impact of Continuing Industrialization on Family Structure

1.2

United States Civilian Labor Force, 1910-1998

1.3

Social Classes and Household Income Before Taxes, 1996

2.1

Model Explaining Performance Among 19 Rich Democracies, Including Economic Performance

2.2

21 Types of Programs Labeled "Active Labor Market Policy"

4.1

Morale and Participation Curve

5.1

Pension Policy Trajectories: Convergence Toward a Dual System of Income Security for the Aged Among 18 Countries

5.2

Typical Stages in Pension Development: A Natural History of Convergence Toward Combinations of Meritocratic and Egalitarian-Humanitarian Principles

5.3

Combining the Industrialization Model With the Political Economy Model: Leftism and Catholicism Foster Corporatism Thereby Increasing Social Spending; Affluence Increases Population Aging Thereby Increasing Social Spending

6.1

Structural Determinants of Sector Spending as Both Effort (Public Spending/GNP) and Output (Per Capita Spending)

7.1

Left Power Encourages Both Corporatism and Women at Work and Thereby Expands Family Policy, 1976-82. Catholic Power Keeps Women at Home But Fosters Corporatism, with Mixed Effects on Family Policy. Older Populations Independently Encourage Family Policy

9.1

Industrialization and Types of Political Economy as Sources of Bureaucratic Bloat

10.1

The Glistrup Curve: Tax Revenue as Percent of GDP at Market Prices, 1965-1971

10.2

Industrialization and Tax-Welfare Backlash: A Causal Model

12.1

Causal Model for Regression Analysis of the Major Sources of Economic Performance, 19 Rich Democracies

14.1

Affluence, Minority Group Cleavages, and Mobility and Meritocracy Increase Mayhem, 1988

14.2

Corporatism, Family Policy, and Equality Reduce Mayhem; Means-Testing Increases It, 1988