When does history begin? What characterizes it? This brilliant and beautifully written book dissolves the logic of a beginning based on writing, civilization, or historical consciousness and offers a model for a history that escapes the continuing grip of the Judeo-Christian time frame. Daniel Lord Smail argues that in the wake of the Decade of the Brain and the best-selling historical work of scientists like Jared Diamond, the time has come for fundamentally new ways of thinking about our past. He shows how recent work in evolution and paleohistory makes it possible to join the deep past with the recent past and abandon, once and for all, the idea of prehistory. Making an enormous literature accessible to the general reader, he lays out a bold new case for bringing neuroscience and neurobiology into the realm of history.

Preface
Introduction: Toward Reunion in History

1. The Grip of Sacred History
2. Resistance
3. Between Darwin and Lamarck
4. The New Neurohistory
5. Civilization and Psychotropy

Epilogue: Looking Ahead
Notes
Bibliography of Works Cited
Index

Daniel Lord Smail is Professor of History at Harvard University. He is the author of Imaginary Cartographies (1999), which won the American Historical Association’s Herbert Baxter Adams Prize and the Social Science History Association’s President’s Award; The Consumption of Justice (2003), which won the Law and Society Association’s James Willard Hurst Prize; and co-editor of Fama: The Politics of Talk and Reputation in Medieval Europe (2003).

“A pioneering work.”—Fortean Times: the Jrnl of Strange Phenomena

“A remarkable and provocative study.”—Choice

“Relax and enjoy. It’s a good read, and it makes you think.”—New Scientist

“An intelligent disquiet runs through these pages.”—New York Times Book Review

“[An] intriguing little book.”—American Scientist

“Dazzling . . . . Perhaps the most compelling part of Smail's book is the way he presents the evolution of the modern brain against a backdrop of relentlessly changing environmental and cultural pressures.”—Boston Globe Book Section

“An enjoyable and creative book. . . . its flavour and neurohistorical approach are original and provocative.”—Nature

“Carefully documented and beautifully written.”—Foreword

"One of the best critiques of evolutionary psychology I've read . . . . Sophisticated . . . . Profound."—London Review of Books

"This is surely a new paradigm for the study of history that will be regarded as revolutionary but which is also well justified. To my knowledge, no other book integrates the study of human history with principles of biological and cultural evolution on such an ambitious scale."—David Sloan Wilson, author of Darwin's Cathedral: Evolution, Religion and the Nature of Society

"This is one of the most exciting books I've read in years. It is so accessible, so groundbreaking, so stimulating, so important that I imagine the next generation of historians will be deeply influenced by what Smail has to say here. Simply dazzling."—Lynn Hunt, author of Inventing Human Rights

2007 finalist for the Los Angeles Times Book Prize in Science and Technology