This beautifully illustrated volume examines the garden as an enduring and evolving cultural resource, in two hundred works by more than one hundred artists. Prints, drawings, photographs, and paintings illuminate the changing aesthetics and uses of gardens from sixteenth-century Italian villas and Louis XIV's Versailles to such democratic urban parks as New York City's Central Park and San Francisco's Crissy Field, adapted from a former military base.

Artists' representations of gardens have been organized first to highlight design concepts and individual features, then to focus on historic gardens and parks, and finally to survey the activities within those settings. Among the earliest works included is an engraving of a drawing made in 1570 by Pieter Bruegel the Elder of a garden being vigorously cultivated by many workers. Two centuries later, Giovanni Battista Piranesi and Jean-Honoré Fragonard represented the Villa d'Este at Tivoli in a state of neglected grandeur; Hubert Robert's painting of Méréville depicted a garden he helped design. By 1900 Eugène Atget's photographs of Versailles and Camille Pissarro's paintings of the Tuileries convey the enduring structure of French formal gardens. In contrast, American artists Maurice Prendergast, John Singer Sargent, and James McNeill Whistler depicted the pleasures of social activities in that setting. Photographs by Michael Kenna and Bruce Davidson offer contemporary perspectives on these issues.

Director's Foreword
Acknowledgments
Lenders to the Exhibition

The Artist and the Changing Garden
Betsy G. Fryberger
Representing the Social and Cultural Experiences of Italian Gardens in Prints
Claudia Lazzaro
The Garden Print as Propaganda, 1573–1683
Elizabeth S. Eustis
Méréville: Last Masterwork of the Eighteenth-Century Landscape Garden in France
Diana Ketcham
City Parks and Private Gardens in Paintings of Modern America, 1875–1920
Carol M. Osborne
Resurrection: The Built Landscapes of George Hargreaves
Paula Deitz

Catalogue of the Exhibition
Designing Gardens
Historic Examples
Gatherings and Activities in Garden Settings
Index
Photographic Credits
Photographic Credits

Betsy G. Fryberger is Curator of Prints and Drawings at the Iris & B. Gerald Cantor Center for Visual Arts, Stanford University. She is the author of Picasso: Graphic Magician/Prints from the Norton Simon Museum (1999), and, with Lorenz Eitner and Carol M. Osborne, Stanford University Museum of Art: The Drawing Collection (1993).

"A richly illustrated discussion of the garden and its changing character as perceived and experienced by artists."—Penelope Lively, New York Times Book Review

"A stunning book."—Maureen L. Natale, Antiques And the Arts Weekly

"A real pleasure for those interested in garden history."—Landscape Architecture

"For centuries, artists have represented the glories of wondrous gardens. Like a vivid bouquet of flowers, The Changing Garden gathers together a variety of lovely prints, drawings, photographs, and paintings depicting picturesque garden views, formal designs, and natural features. This book is essential for anyone seeking a visual history and interesting perspectives of grand gardens--from the Villa d'Este and Versailles to contemporary experiences of city parks."—Marilyn Symmes, editor and author, Fountains: Splash and Spectacle, Water and Design from the Renaissance to the Present

"The Changing Garden is the first book that asks us to stop and appreciate many of the 'documents' of the history of European and American gardens. It addresses the development of the representation of gardens, and the story it tells proves to be a fascinating chapter in the history of art, particularly for the history of prints and engravings."—Guy Walton, author of Louis XIV's Versailles

Previous Exhibition Dates:
Iris & B. Gerald Cantor Center for Visual Arts, Stanford University, Stanford, California, June 11-September 7, 2003
Dixon Gallery and Gardens, Memphis, Tennessee, October 19, 2003-January 11, 2004
University of Michigan Museum of Art, Ann Arbor, Michigan, March 13-May 23, 2004

About the exhibit at the Iris & B. Gerald Cantor Center for Visual Arts